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Salomonen - Pazifischer Ozean: Erdbeben vom 1. April 2007

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USGS Meldungen

On April 1, 2007, a magnitude 8.1 earthquake rattled the Solomon Islands, 2,145 kilometers (1,330 miles) northeast of Brisbane, Australia. Centered less than ten kilometers beneath the Earth's surface, the earthquake displaced enough water in the ocean above to trigger a small tsunami. Though officials were still assessing damage to remote island communities on April 3, Reuters reported that the earthquake and the tsunami killed an estimated 22 people and left as many as 5,409 homeless. The most serious damage occurred on the island of Gizo, northwest of the earthquake epicenter, where the tsunami damaged the hospital, schools, and hundreds of houses, said Reuters.

This image, captured by the Landsat-7 satellite, shows the location of the earthquake epicenter in relation to the nearest islands in the Solomon Island group. Gizo is beyond the left edge of the image, but its triangular fringing coral reefs are shown in the upper left corner. Though dense rain forest hides volcanic features from view, the very shape of the islands testifies to the geologic activity of the region. The circular Kolombangara Island is the tip of a dormant volcano, and other circular volcanic peaks are visible in the image. The image also shows that the Solomon Islands run on a northwest-southeast axis parallel to the edge of the Pacific plate, the section of the Earth's crust that carries the Pacific Ocean and its islands.

The earthquake occurred along the plate boundary, where the Australia/Woodlark/Solomon Sea plates slide beneath the denser Pacific plate. Friction between the sinking (subducting) plates and the overriding Pacific plate led to the large earthquake on April 1, said the United States Geological Survey (USGS) summary of the earthquake. Large earthquakes are common in the region, though the section of the plate that produced the April 1 earthquake had not caused any quakes of magnitude 7 or larger since the early 20th century, said the USGS.

NASA image by Robert Simmon, based on Landsat data from the UMD Global Land Cover Facility.

A great earthquake occurred at 20:39:56 (UTC) on Sunday, April 1, 2007.
The magnitude 8.9 event has been located OFF THE SOUTHWEST COAST OF THE SOLOMON ISLANDS.
Data: Magnitude 8.1
Date-Time Sunday, April 1, 2007 at 20:39:56 (UTC) = Coordinated Universal Time
onday, April 2, 2007 at 7:39:56 AM = local time at epicenter
Location 8.481°S, 156.978°E
Depth 10 km (6.2 miles) set by location program
Region SOLOMON ISLANDS
Distances 45 km (30 miles) SSE of Gizo, New Georgia Islands, Solomon Isl.
205 km (125 miles) S of Chirovanga, Choiseul, Solomon Islands
345 km (215 miles) WNW of HONIARA, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands
2145 km (1330 miles) NNE of BRISBANE, Queensland, Australia
Location Uncertainty horizontal +/- 8.8 km (5.5 miles); depth fixed by location program
Parameters Nst=156, Nph=156, Dmin=343 km, Rmss=1.19 sec, Gp= 32°,
M-type=moment magnitude (Mw), Version=8
Tsunami-Auslöser in Subduktionszonen
Zirkumpazifischer Ring of Fire"
Solomon Islands - Salomonen Inseln
Tsunami-Warnung vom Tsunami Pacific Warning Center in Hawaii

AN EARTHQUAKE HAS OCCURRED WITH THESE PRELIMINARY PARAMETERS

ORIGIN TIME - 2040Z 01 APR 2007
COORDINATES - 8.6 SOUTH 157.2 EAST

GAUGE LOCATION LAT LON TIME AMPL PER
------------------- ----- ------ ----- --------------- ----- ----- ----- -----
KINGS WHARF FJ 18.1S 178.4E 0207Z 0.04M = 0.1FT 38MIN
PORT KEMBLAO AU 34.5S 150.9E 0244Z 0.05M = 0.2FT 14MIN
VANUATU VU 17.8S 168.3E 0124Z 0.15M = 0.5FT 22MIN
CAPE FERGUSON AU 19.3S 147.1E 0135Z 0.11M = 0.4FT 12MIN
MANUS PG 2.0S 147.4E 0040Z 0.09M = 0.3FT 40MIN
HONIARA SB 9.4S 160.0E 2308Z 0.20M = 0.6FT 62MIN

EVALUATION

SEA LEVEL READINGS INDICATE A TSUNAMI WAS GENERATED. PTWC HAS
RECEIVED REPORTS OF TSUNAMI RELATED FATALITIES FROM THE SOLOMON
ISLANDS AND FROM PAPUA NEW GUINEA. FOR THOSE AREAS - WHEN NO MAJOR
WAVES ARE OBSERVED FOR TWO HOURS AFTER THE ESTIMATED TIME OF
ARRIVAL OR DAMAGING WAVES HAVE NOT OCCURRED FOR AT LEAST TWO HOURS
THEN LOCAL AUTHORITIES CAN ASSUME THE THREAT IS PASSED.

DANGER TO BOATS AND COASTAL STRUCTURES CAN
CONTINUE FOR SEVERAL HOURS DUE TO RAPID CURRENTS. AS LOCAL
CONDITIONS CAN CAUSE A WIDE VARIATION IN TSUNAMI WAVE ACTION THE
ALL CLEAR DETERMINATION MUST BE MADE BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES.

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